Most major shopping complexes in Thailand have food courts like the one at Central Plaza in Chiang Mai below:
From there, you can go around, eat and drink to your heart’s content. Usually, there are English food labels and the staff there would at least be able to speak a few words of English.
Even in hypermarkets like Tesco Lotus or BigC have food courts- but in smaller towns, those of Tesco and BigC may not have signboards or description in English. What that is the case, you usually need to use a bit of sign language and point at the food that want.